2016年2月5日 星期五

Antoni Gaudí 聖家族大教堂及知音


西班牙巴賽隆納的聖家族大教堂(以下簡稱聖家堂),建了100多年仍沒有完工。建築師高迪曾說過這樣的話:“我的客戶(上帝)並不著急”。


西班牙巴賽隆納的聖家族大教堂(以下簡稱聖家堂),建了100多年仍沒有完工。建築師高迪曾說過這樣的話:“我的客戶(上帝)並不著急”。
高高矗立在西班牙巴塞羅那市中心的聖家堂出自建築大師安東尼·高迪之手,當這座教堂完工時,它將成為世界上最高的教堂。
BBC.IN
Moving Out of a Gaudí Treasure
After decades, a local family is leaving the famous home and it will be turned into a museum.





約8點回去 NHK Etsuro Sotoo(外尾悅郎), sculptor of Sagrada Familia, Barcelona.
日本籍的雕刻大師外尾悅郎適時出現,他背負著完成聖家堂的使命。外尾悅郎說:「這些雕刻把我引向高第,對於這一種雕刻的渴望把我帶到高第身邊,一直到今天都是如此。」
在「受難之門」的門面上, 有日本雕刻家外尾悅郎的雕刻作品。
高第的雕刻風格向來以細膩出名,雕刻難度自然不在話下,但是外尾悅郎的雕刻功力絲毫不遜色,就連西班牙當地建築師也無不對外尾舉起大拇指。

西班牙建築師羅瑟說:「外尾悅郎的雕刻和高第的預期一模一樣,我非常地喜歡。」

外尾悅郎1953年出生於日本福岡,1978年時到巴塞隆納定居,雖然聖家堂還沒完工,但是它已經舉世聞名,有一部分甚至被聯合國列為世界遺產保護區,每年吸引超過200萬名觀光客前來參觀,觀光收入就是建造聖家堂的動力。

Park Güell - Google 圖書結果

Conrad Kent, Dennis Joseph Prindle - 1993 - Non-Classifiable - 223 頁
. . . Inexpensive, compact (truly pocket-sized), with a wealth of information and some fascinating photographs, this is a notable book.



Park Guell

出 版 社:Princeton  Architectural  Press
書林書號:00578646
作 者:Kent, Conrad & Prindle

Park Güell (Catalan: Parc Güell; Catalan pronunciation: [ˈpark ˈɡweʎ]) is a garden complex with architectural elements situated on the hill of el Carmel in the Gràcia district of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. It was designed by the Catalan architect Antoni Gaudí and built in the years 1900 to 1914. It is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site "Works of Antoni Gaudí".
Contents [hide]

Origins as a Housing Development


The Gaudí Museum
The park was originally part of a commercially unsuccessful housing site, the idea of Count Eusebi Güell, whom the park was named after. It was inspired by the English garden city movement; hence the original English name Park (in the Catalan language spoken in Catalonia where Barcelona is located, the word for "Park" is "Parc", and the name of the place is "Parc Güell" in its original language). The site was a rocky hill with little vegetation and few trees, called Muntanya Pelada (Bare Mountain). It already included a large country house called Larrard House or Muntaner de Dalt House, and was next to a neighborhood of upper class houses called La Salut (The Health). The intention was to exploit the fresh air (well away from smoky factories) and beautiful views from the site, with sixty triangular lots being provided for luxury houses. Count Eusebi Güell added to the prestige of the development by moving in 1906 to live in Larrard House. Ultimately, only two houses were built, neither designed by Gaudí. One was intended to be a show house, but on being completed in 1904 was put up for sale, and as no buyers came forward, Gaudí, at Güell's suggestion, bought it with his savings and moved in with his family and his father in 1906.[1] This house, where Gaudi lived from 1906 to 1926, was built by Francesc Berenguer in 1904. It contains original works by Gaudi and several of his collaborators. It is now the Gaudí Museum (Casa Museu Gaudí) since 1963. In 1969 it was declared a historical artistic monument of national interest.

Municipal Garden


Gaudí's multicolored mosaic dragon fountain at the main entrance, prior to vandalism early in 2007
It has since been converted into a municipal garden. It can be reached by underground railway (although the stations are at a distance from the Park and at a much lower level below the hill), by city buses, or by commercial tourist buses. While entrance to the Park is free, Gaudí's house, "la Torre Rosa," — containing furniture that he designed — can be only visited for an entrance fee. There is a reduced rate for those wishing to see both Park Güell and the Sagrada Família Church.

Gaudí's mosaic work on the main terrace
Park Güell is skillfully designed and composed to bring the peace and calm that one would expect from a park. The buildings flanking the entrance, though very original and remarkable with fantastically shaped roofs with unusual pinnacles, fit in well with the use of the park as pleasure gardens and seem relatively inconspicuous in the landscape when one considers the flamboyance of other buildings designed by Gaudí.

The two buildings at the entrance of the park.
360 degree view outside hall of columns
360 degree view at the main entrance of the park outside the hall of columns.
The focal point of the park is the main terrace, surrounded by a long bench in the form of a sea serpent. To design the curvature of the bench surface Gaudí used the shape of buttocks left by a naked workman sitting in wet clay.[citation needed] The curves of the serpent bench form a number of enclaves, creating a more social atmosphere. Gaudí incorporated many motifs of Catalan nationalism, and elements from religious mysticism and ancient poetry, into the Park. The visitor was originally greeted by two life-size mechanical gazelles (a major euphemistic symbol of 'the young beloved' in the Hebrew strand of the medieval love poetry of the region), but these have since been lost during the turbulence of war.[citation needed]
Roadways around the park to service the intended houses were designed by Gaudí as structures jutting out from the steep hillside or running on viaducts, with separate footpaths in arcades formed under these structures. This minimized the intrusion of the roads, and Gaudí designed them using local stone in a way that integrates them closely into the landscape. His structures echo natural forms, with columns like tree trunks supporting branching vaulting under the roadway, and the curves of vaulting and alignment of sloping columns designed in a similar way to his Church of Colònia Güell so that the inverted catenary arch shapes form perfect compression structures.[2]
The large cross at the Park's high-point offers the most complete view of Barcelona and the bay. It is possible to view the main city in panorama, with the Sagrada Familia and the Montjuïc area visible at a distance.
The observant visitor will notice green birds flying around amongst the pigeons and sparrows. These are monk parakeets that have became a common species with a growing population started from some individuals escaped from captivity sometime in the 70s. Like the pigeons they nest in the tall palm trees. Another bird to look out for is the hummingbird that can be seen on some days, if you look hard enough.


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Park Guell
Antoni Gaudi's Park Güell in Barcelona is among the most beguiling creations of early 20th-century Europe, with its spectacular maze of colorful ceramics and rustic stone spiraling up a mountain landscape.
The authors analyze the park's construction and landscape while addressing its social, ideological, and cultural background, in an "absorbing account of one of Gaudi's most popular creations. . . . Inexpensive, compact (truly pocket-sized), with a wealth of information and some fascinating photographs, this is a notable book." -- Andrew Mead, The Architect's Journal




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